保定绝缘件生产加工厂

1、温度的影响。

The effect of temperature.

电力变压器为油、纸绝缘，在不同温度下油、纸中含水量有着不同的平衡关系曲线。一般情况下，温度升高，纸内水分要向泊中析出;反之，则纸要吸收油中水分。因此，当温度较高时，变压器内绝缘油的微水含量较大;反之，微水含量就小。

Electric transformer is oil and paper insulation, and the water content of oil and paper has different balance curve in oil and paper. In general, the temperature rises, and the water in the paper is to be separated from the water. On the other hand, paper should absorb water from the oil. Therefore, when the temperature is high, the water content of the insulating oil in the transformer is large. Conversely, microwater content is small.

温度不同时，使纤维素解环、断链并伴随气体产生的程度有所不同。在一定温度下，CO和CO₂的产生速度恒定，即油中CO和CO₂气体含量随时间呈线性关系。在温度不断升高时，CO和CO₂的产生速率往往呈指数规律增大。因此，油中CO和CO₂的含量与绝缘纸热老化有着直接的关系，并可将含量变化作为密封变压器中纸层有无异常的判据之一。

At the same time, the degree of dissociation of the cellulose, the broken chain and the amount of gas produced is different. At a certain temperature, the production rate of CO and CO 2 is constant, and the gas content of CO and CO 2 in oil is linearly dependent on time. As temperatures rise, the rate of production of CO and co2 tends to increase exponentially. Therefore, the oil content of CO and CO ₂ in thermal aging has a direct relationship with insulation paper, and content changes as the seal can be one of transformer paper layer in the presence of abnormal criterion.

变压器的寿命取决于绝缘的老化程度，而绝缘的老化又取决于运行的温度。如油浸变压器在额定负载下，绕组平均温升为65℃，最热点温升为78℃，若平均环境温度为20C，则最热点温度为98℃;在这个温度下，变压器可运行20—30年，若变压器超载运行，温度升高，促使寿命缩短。

The life of a transformer depends on the degree of ageing of the insulation, and the ageing of the insulation depends on the temperature of the operation. Such as oil-immersed transformer under the rated load, the average winding temperature is 65 ℃, the hottest temperature is 78 ℃, the average temperature of 20 c, is the hot spot temperature is 98 ℃; At this temperature, the transformer can run for 20 to 30 years. If the transformer is overloaded and the temperature rises, the life expectancy is shortened.

国际电工委员会(1EC)认为A级绝缘的变压器在80～140C温度范围内，温度每增加6℃，变压器绝缘有效寿命降低的速度就会增加一倍，这就是6℃法则，说明对热的限制已比过去认可的8℃法则更为严格。

International electrotechnical commission (ec) that A level of transformer insulation in 80 ~ 140 c temperature range, temperature increase 6 ℃, transformer insulation life effectively reduce rate will be doubled, and this is the law of 6 ℃, shows the limitation on the hot has approved 8 ℃ law tougher than the past.

2、湿度的影响。

The effect of humidity.

水分的存在将加速纸纤维素降解。因此，CO和CO₂的产生与纤维素材料的含水量也有关。当湿度一定时，含水量越高，分解出的CO₂越多。反之，含水量越低，分解出的CO就越多。

The presence of water will accelerate the degradation of paper cellulose. Therefore, the production of CO and CO 2 is related to the water content of cellulose materials. When the humidity is certain, the higher the water content, the more CO 2 is decomposed. On the other hand, the lower the water content, the more CO will be decomposed.

绝缘油中的微量水分是影响绝缘特性的重要因素之一。绝缘油中微量水分的存在，对绝缘介质的电气性能与理化性能都有极大的危害，水分可导致绝缘油的火花放电电压降低，介质损耗因数tg8增大，促进绝缘油老化，绝缘性能劣化。而设备受潮，不仅导致电力设备的运行可靠性和寿命降低，更可能导致设备损坏甚至危及人身安全。

Trace moisture in insulation oil is one of the important factors that affect the insulation property. The existence of trace water in the insulating oil, electrical properties and physical and chemical properties of insulating medium has great harm, moisture can result in insulating oil of spark discharge voltage is reduced, tg8 increase the dielectric loss factor, promote the insulating oil aging, insulation performance degradation. And the equipment is affected, not only makes the operating reliability and life of the power equipment decrease, it is more likely to cause the equipment to be damaged or even endanger the person's safety.

3、油保护方式的影响。

The effect of oil conservation methods.

变压器油中氧的作用会加速绝缘分解反应，而含氧量与油保护方式有关。另外，池保护方式不同，使CO和CO₂在油中解和扩散状况不同。如CO的溶解小，使开放式变压器CO易扩散至油面空间，因此，开放式变压器一般情况CO的体积分数不大于300x10-6。密封式变压器，由于油面与空气绝缘，使CO和CO₂不易挥发，所以其含量较高。

The effect of oxygen in transformer oil will accelerate the reaction of insulation, and oxygen content is related to oil protection. In addition, the method of pool protection is different, allowing CO and CO 2 to solve and diffuse in oil. If the dissolving of CO is small, the open transformer CO is diffused to the oil surface space, so the volume fraction of the open transformer is not greater than 300x10-6. Sealed transformer, due to the insulation of the oil and air, makes the CO and CO 2 less volatile, so the content is higher.